1. Define the goals
Start with the client’s stated goals, then translate each one into a number and a timeline. “Move out” becomes a target rent, deposit, utility cost, and move-in date. “Travel” becomes a separate sinking fund. “Retire comfortably” becomes a contribution path.
2. Assess the current state
List income, fixed expenses, variable expenses, assets, debts, credit profile, benefits, and insurance. The goal is not to show every number possible; it is to show the few numbers that explain the plan.
3. Stabilize cash flow
Before recommending big moves, find the monthly surplus. Reduce flexible spending where realistic, keep minimum debt payments current, and avoid making the plan depend on income that is not reliable.
4. Prioritize by risk and interest rate
High-interest debt comes first because it compounds against the client. Next comes a starter emergency fund, then larger reserves, then medium-term goals, then long-term investing increases.
5. Implement and review
A good plan has dates. Set a 30-day action list, a 6-month checkpoint, a 12-month target, and a longer-term path. The client should know exactly what to do after closing the presentation.